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English
name:
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Description: Fern with perennial
thick, creeping rhizome, up to 1 m long with reddish trichomes, very
fine and characteristic, up to 6 cm long. Fronds 10-15, arranged in
loose clump of up to 320 cm length. Strong, long at the base and deeply
furrowed petiole. Relationship total length of frond / petiole length of
between 2.20 and 4.20 in adult fronds. Triangular sheet 4 to 5 times
pinnate, malacophilus, glossy, dark-green by the beam, a little clearer
by side, with a basal width of up to 90 cm. Segments last order
oblong-lanceolate, icise, lobed margin. Veins free. Marginal, terminal
sores in the veins of 1.5 to 3 mm elipsoideus somewhat bulky, reniform
with paraphysis and inside a receptacle formed by the epivalve
(extension of the sheet) covering the hipovalve ( real indusium).
Sporangiums with basípetal maturation. Slightly oblíque rings.
Pluricellular, linear or zigzag paraphise. Tilete, tetraedrical-globous,
yellowish spores, 45-52 µ m in diameter. N = 66, 68. Culcita C. Presl.,
unique genre of the family Culcitaceae, includes 10 species that
are grouped into 2 subgenera, the typical Culcita, formed by a
kind of tropical American C. Coniifolia (Hooker) Maxon and
another, C. Macrocarpa, which appears in the macaronesian islands
and comes from a residual form to the European continent and the Asian
and Oceanian subgenus Calochlaena, , with 8 species. Some authors
include this genus in the family Dicksoniaceae. |
Distribution:
Paleomediterranean relictus distributed by the Macaronesian islands
(Canaries, Azores and Madeira) and punctually in the mountains of
Algeciras (Cadiz) and northwest of the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and
Portugal). We have located 11 dispersed populations. The number of
individuals in most populations, ranging between 2 and 50
individuals. One of the introduced populations had around 300
individuals. It has been estimated the structure of the age
depending on the length of the rhizome, according to which 1 / 3 of
individuals in the studied populations belong to older individuals,
1 / 3 for adults and 1 / 3 to juvenile ones.
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Habitat:
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Report about the
reasons of the risk:
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Category IUCN: NE
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Possible solutions:
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Culinary, medicinal and/or medicinal properties:
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Appearance
in the Literature and Arts:
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